Networks can be wired or wireless with most networks being a mixture of both. Wired networks use Ethernet as the data link protocol. Wireless networks use Wi-fi as the data link protocol. However other wireless options are being developed for the IOT Internet of things.
There are many different ways network nodes can be connected together. Common connection technologies like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth etc are designed to work using a particular network topology.
When designing networks and choosing connection protocols having an understanding of these topologies is important. Each of these topologies has advantages and disadvantages this Network topologies article has a really good overview of each topology along with advantages and disadvantages. How the nodes on a network communicate with each other can be very different to how they are physically interconnected. Common logical typologies are Peer to Peer and Client Server. No node has any special role.
This was the original networking model of windows networking. In a Client Server network a server has a special role e. This is the networking model used on the web and the Internet and on modern large Windows networks. A Modern example of Client Server networking is the Web. Facebook,Twitter,Google search and many other web services use this networking model. Ethernet and Wi-Fi are Data link protocols that are responsible for framing data on the media cable or wireless.
See this Wiki for details. The levels are:. An Internet Protocol address IP address is a numerical label assigned to each device e. IPv4 uses 32 bits for addressing, however due to the rapid growth of the Internet, all IPv4 addresses have been allocated as of The roll out of IPv6 across the Internet is happening slowly, and IPv4 will be with us for many years to come especially in home and small office networks.
As IP6 rolls out they will also be a need to operate with two addresses until migration is complete, and IP4 is discontinued. IP addresses are logical addresses, and are assigned by a network administrator or can be auto assigned using DHCP. See Internal and external IP addresses for more details. Most modern networks use automatic IP address assignment via DHCP with manual assignment only being done in special cases.
This can cause problems see troubleshooting Internet connections. When you type in a domain name into your web browser the name is translated into an IP address by a DNS server usually located on the Internet. Very intereting, your writ up make sense. I will like to contact you for personal tutorial. How possible is it? You can contact me through my email theozion yahoo. Roxana Vlad. A short summary of this paper. Download Download PDF.
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