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This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Disasters and emergencies have been increasing all over the world. Keywords: Disasters, education, vulnerable people. Introduction On the other hand, natural and man-made disasters cause serious disruption to a community, and there are many casualties, financial, environmental, social, and economic losses, which are beyond the power of the community.
Materials and Methods In this overview, we reviewed articles published in prestigious journals and websites during — Table 1 Division of education for vulnerable people to disasters. Target Group Member Vulnerable people Women children Seniors People with disabilities Second-line teachers people who can play a role in disaster education in some way Governors Policy-makers Local authorities Teachers University professors Taxi drivers Rescuers and first helpers to the injured people directly involved in disaster situations Relief and rescue team Volunteers Police force Firefighters.
Open in a separate window. Figure 1. Target group for disaster education To make disaster education programs more effective for community members, target groups and individuals should be identified. Disaster education for vulnerable people According to the World Health Organization, vulnerability is a degree to which a population, individual, or organization cannot predict, cope, resist, and rehabilitate after the disaster and vulnerable people such as children, pregnant women, the elderly, malnutrition, and people with disabilities.
Disaster education for children Although there is little statistical information on the number of children affected by natural and man-made disasters in the world,[ 20 , 21 , 35 , 30 , 36 , 31 ] the United States estimated that around 1 billion children under the age of 15 are living in earthquake-affected countries.
Table 3 Some benefits of early childhood education. Benefits of early childhood education Earlier onset disaster prevention education makes it easy for children to think about disaster issues, resilience, and risk reduction officials from an early age Children tend to define what they have learned from their parents. As a result, education for children can gradually increase the level of awareness of the community Individuals familiar with the concepts of hazards and disasters in their childhood can respond better and faster when disasters and accidents occur People do not simply forget what they learn at an early age In many countries, a high proportion of people in the community are children.
Disaster education for women Women are considered as vulnerable people and they face a lot of problems during the disaster. Disaster education for the elderly and disabled people Elderly people need special training in specific ways with regard to physical conditions and cognitive impairment. Discussion The main challenge and gap in the reviewed papers was that most countries have selected different models to design a training plan.
Conclusion Based on the results, special attention should be paid to disaster education for vulnerable people. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest. References 1. Washington, D. C: National Academies Press; National Research Council U. Committee on Seismology and Geodynamics. Board on Earth Sciences and Resources. Adiyoso W, Kanegae H. Aldrich N, Benson WF. Disaster preparedness and the chronic disease needs of vulnerable older adults.
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Senegal April October Climate change and disaster management. Policies on protecting vulnerable people during disasters in Iran: A Document analysis. Trauma Mon. On the other hand, storms and floods were reported during the same period. It is estimated that million people are affected by natural disasters every year.
On average, natural disasters cause 72, fatalities annually. On January 12, , a 7. In Khudi, Nepal, a 7. There are still missing people from the disaster. On March 11, , a 9. The huge earthquake caused , properties to collapse completely and another , properties to collapse partially.
A total of 15, people died while 6, people were injured. Another 2, people were reported missing. In recent times, technology has been employed to fast track disaster relief efforts. For instance, drones and robots have been used to locate survivors and transmit information to emergency teams.
They have also been used to drop humanitarian aid. The technology allows mobile phones to communicate directly with each other even when there is no network coverage. The technology has been in use since the Haiti earthquake. This is a suitcase-size device which can detect human heartbeats under 20 ft of solid concrete and 30 ft of rubble. Among other things, the technology can help identify population changes at displaced persons camps, helicopter landing zones and road travel conditions.
This information can help aid agencies to effectively dispatch vital resources, such as tents, blankets, water, food and medical supplies. On the other hand, there were 2. Over 7. WATCH is seeking for innovative solutions from all over the world. Here we provide business matching opportunities with leading Japanese corporations and development resources for your proposals.
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Problem solution through the use of the technologies such as video transmission, video analysis, XR, robotics, etc. Early assessment of the disaster situation In this theme, we call for technology applications that will enable early disaster assessment and early notification to the public and disaster response team, leading to the secure evacuation action.
Notification to the public of appropriate evacuation routes In this theme, we call for technology applications that will enable the planning of adequate evacuation routes in the event of a disaster and notification to the public and disaster response team, leading to the appropriate evacuation action.
Search for rescuee In this theme, we call for technology applications that will enable accurate disaster assessment and early search for persons in need of rescue, leading to the reduction of sufferers.
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